Clubfoot effect on person

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  • How is clubfoot inherited
  • Is clubfoot genetic or environmental...

    Long-term effects of clubfoot

  • Long-term effects of clubfoot
  • Clubfoot genetic testing
  • Is clubfoot genetic or environmental
  • Club foot types
  • Is clubfoot curable
  • Abstract

    Purpose

    Congenital clubfoot is a serious birth defect that affects nearly 0.1% of all births. Though there is strong evidence for a genetic basis of isolated clubfoot, aside from a handful of associations, much of the heritability remains unexplained.

    Methods

    By systematically examining the genes involved in syndromic clubfoot, we may find new candidate genes and pathways to investigate in isolated clubfoot.

    Results

    In addition to the expected enrichment of extracellular matrix and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling genes, we find many genes involved in syndromic clubfoot encode peroxisomal matrix proteins, as well as enzymes necessary for sulfation of proteoglycans, an important part of connective tissue.

    Further, the association of Filamin B with isolated clubfoot as well as syndromic clubfoot is an encouraging finding.

    Conclusion

    We should examine these categories for enrichment in isolated clubfoot patients to increase our understanding of the underlying biology and pathophysiology of this deformity.

    Understanding the spectrum of syndromes that

      does clubfoot run in families
      is clubfoot genetic